The Fourth Niyama: Svadhyaya

The Fourth Niyama: Svadhyaya

Know Thyself: Svadhyaya By Carrie Hood Svadhyaya, deriving from the Sanskrit words “Sva,” or self, and “Adhyaya,” learning or study, is the fourth of the five niyamas. In Barbara Stoler Miller’s translation of Master Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras, she points out that the...
The Third Niyama: Tapas

The Third Niyama: Tapas

By Kate O’Neal Aitken The third Niyama, or ethical observance, in Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras is Tapas. The Sanskrit root “tap” translates loosely as “to heat,” “to burn” or “austerity,” although defining tapas as simply a state of severe strictness misses its real...